{"id":5705,"date":"2025-07-29T08:20:41","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T06:20:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/veritasinfo.org\/?p=5705"},"modified":"2025-07-29T08:20:41","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T06:20:41","slug":"112-godina-od-londonske-konferencije-kada-su-velike-sile-promenile-mapu-balkana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/veritasinfo.org\/?p=5705&lang=sr","title":{"rendered":"112 godina od Londonske konferencije, kada su velike sile promenile mapu Balkana"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pri\u0161tina, 29. jul 2025.<\/p>\n

29. jul 1913. \u2013 Londonski sporazum i podela Albanije<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dana 29. jula 1913. godine, u okviru Konferencije ambasadora koja je odr\u017eana tokom 1912\u20131913. u Londonu, potpisana je kona\u010dna odluka kojom je Kne\u017eevina Albanija priznata kao nezavisna dr\u017eava od Osmanskog carstva. Me\u0111utim, uz me\u0111unarodno priznanje, izvr\u0161ena je i kona\u010dna podela albanskih teritorija, ostavljaju\u0107i van granica oko 40% zemlji\u0161ta naseljenog Albancima.<\/p>\n

Priznanje sa velikom cenom<\/strong><\/p>\n

Konferencija ambasadora nije se ograni\u010dila samo na priznanje nezavisnosti Albanije, ve\u0107 je imala za cilj i preispitivanje granica na Balkanu, kao rezultat promena u odnosu snaga nakon Prvog balkanskog rata. Njene odluke su spre\u010dile potpuno raspar\u010davanje Albanije, ali nisu spre\u010dile secesiju albanskih pokrajina poput Kosova i teritorija Isto\u010dne Albanije (danas u Severnoj Makedoniji), dok se razmatrala i sudbina \u010camerije na jugu.<\/p>\n

Odluke su diktirali strate\u0161ki i politi\u010dki interesi velikih sila i susednih dr\u017eava, a ne etnografske realnosti na terenu. Albanija nije imala zvani\u010dnog predstavnika na ovoj konferenciji, tako da je njena sudbina odlu\u010dena bez njenog sopstvenog glasa.<\/p>\n

Uloga velikih sila<\/strong><\/p>\n

Konferencija ambasadora \u2014 poznata i kao Londonska mirovna konferencija \u2014 odr\u017eana je u decembru 1912. godine u palati Sent D\u017eejms, pod predsedavanjem britanskog ministra spoljnih poslova Ser Edvarda Greja. Prisustvovali su joj predstavnici \u0161est velikih sila tog vremena: Velike Britanije, Francuske, Nema\u010dke, Austrougarske, Rusije i Italije.<\/p>\n

Austrougarska \u2013 ambasador Mere d\u2019Artur fon Mere fon Mendsorf<\/p>\n

Nema\u010dka \u2013 ambasador Karl Maks Lihnovski<\/p>\n

Italija \u2013 carski ambasador<\/p>\n

Rusija \u2013 ambasador Benkendorf<\/p>\n

Velika Britanija \u2013 Ser Edvard Grej<\/p>\n

Francuska \u2013 predstavnici Ministarstva spoljnih poslova
\nU po\u010detku je konferencija suspendovana nakon dr\u017eavnog udara u Osmanskom carstvu 23. januara 1913. godine, ali je nastavljena 30. maja i potom je okon\u010dana odlukom od 29. jula 1913. godine, kojom su zape\u010datene nove granice regiona.<\/p>\n

Posledice za Albaniju<\/strong><\/p>\n

Odluka konferencije bila je jednostrana i nepravedna prema Albancima:<\/p>\n

Kosovo i Skopski vilajet dati su Srbiji<\/p>\n

\u010camerija i Ju\u017eni Epir dati su Gr\u010dkoj<\/p>\n

Najmanje 40% Albanaca ostalo je van granica nove albanske dr\u017eave<\/p>\n

30% teritorije etni\u010dkih Albanaca uklju\u010deno je u ostale balkanske dr\u017eave<\/p>\n

Konferencija je tako\u0111e imenovala me\u0111unarodnu komisiju za razgrani\u010denje albansko-gr\u010dke granice, koja je delovala na osnovu strate\u0161kih interesa, a ne na osnovu etni\u010dke stvarnosti stanovni\u0161tva. Tako je Gr\u010dka dobila Ju\u017eni Epir, podru\u010dje koje su istorijski naseljavali Albanci.<\/p>\n

Politi\u010dki kontekst i dugoro\u010dni uticaj<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ova konferencija je odr\u017eana u turbulentnom vremenu za Balkan i za Evropu uop\u0161te. Osmansko carstvo je bilo u opadanju, dok je \u0161ovinizam susednih dr\u017eava ja\u010dao. Albanija je postala deo novog me\u0111unarodnog poretka, gde odluke o njenoj sudbini nisu donosili sami Albanci.<\/p>\n

Iako je Londonska konferencija poznata po zvani\u010dnom osnivanju albanske dr\u017eave, ona ostaje jedan od najkontroverznijih doga\u0111aja u na\u0161oj istoriji, jer je otvorila rane podela i nedostatka istorijske pravde, \u0161to je duboko uticalo na kasniji politi\u010dki, demografski i kulturni razvoj doga\u0111aja.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pri\u0161tina, 29. jul 2025. 29. jul 1913. \u2013 Londonski sporazum i podela Albanije Dana 29. jula 1913. godine, u okviru Konferencije ambasadora koja je odr\u017eana<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5703,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultura"],"yoast_head":"\n112 godina od Londonske konferencije, kada su velike sile promenile mapu Balkana -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/veritasinfo.org\/?p=5705&lang=sr\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"112 godina od Londonske konferencije, kada su 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